Abstract:
When and where is an idea dispersed? Social media, like Twitter, has been
increasingly used for exchanging information, opinions and emotions about
events that are happening across the world. Here we propose a novel
visualization design, Whisper, for tracing the process of information
diffusion in social media in real time. Our design highlights three major
characteristics of diffusion processes in social media: the temporal trend,
social-spatial extent, and community response of a topic of interest. Such
social, spatiotemporal processes are conveyed based on a sunflower metaphor
whose seeds are often dispersed far away. In Whisper, we summarize the
collective responses of communities on a given topic based on how tweets were
retweeted by groups of users, through representing the sentiments extracted
from the tweets, and tracing the pathways of retweets on a spatial
hierarchical layout. We use an efficient flux line-drawing algorithm to trace
multiple pathways so the temporal and spatial patterns can be identified even
for a bursty event. A focused diffusion series highlights key roles such as
opinion leaders in the diffusion process. We demonstrate how our design
facilitates the understanding of when and where a piece of information is
dispersed and what are the social responses of the crowd, for large-scale
events including political campaigns and natural disasters. Initial feedback
from domain experts suggests promising use for today's information
consumption and dispersion in the wild.